Heating, air-conditioning, or cooling apparatus



Dec. 10, 19,35. L. LITHMAN 2,023,602

l HEATING, AIR CONDITIONING, OR COOLING APPARATUS Filed Jan. l5, 1934 2Sheets-Sheet l INVENT'OR Dec. 1 0, 1935. 1 LITHMAN 2,023,602

v HEATING, AIR CONDITIONING, OR COOLING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 13, 1954 2Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 50mm ws/MAA `BY v v 7 7TORNEY Patented ec. 10,1935 HEATING, AIR-ooNpITIoNING, oit

comme APPARATUS Leopold Litan, New York, N. Y.

Application January 13, 1934, Serial No. 706,462

' 'z claims. (ci. 12s-.101)

This invention relates to a heating, air-conditioning or coolingapparatus, and has for its object to provide a relatively simple, sturdyand efflcient device which will operate successfully and continuouslyunder various conditions of service.

More particularly, the invention contemplates the production of a singleunit which is used for heating, air-conditioning and cooling, accordingto which of these services is required. The device operates with aminimum .of fuel consumption and with maximum eiiiciency.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein an embodiment of the invention isshown, Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through the apparatus; Fig. 2is a sectional view on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1, looking in the directionof the arrows; Fig. 3 is asectional View on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1,looking in the direction of the arrows; and Fig. 4 is a sectional viewthrough a portion of the heating chamber. l n

The apparatus is provided with an outer casing or jacket t which restsupon a base orsupport ii. Located within the outer casing 5, and

spaced from the walls thereof, is an inner casing or boiler l having apair of downwardly extending flanges t (Fig. 3) which'rest upon the baseb to support the boiler and which provide a passage 56 between thebottom oli of the boiler and the .upper face of the support Locatedwithin `the boiler at a substantially central position therein, is acombustion chamber in the form of a tubular member d. The combustionchamber is closed at its inner end i and has its opposite open endconnected to a tube ll which has a ared open end l2 projecting outsideof the outer casing "5. A heating device, such as an oil burner, gasburner or the like has its nozzle or jet i3 eX- tending into the tube ilso thatthe ame from the nozzle is directed into the tube l l and intothe combustion chamber t to heat the same. The tube il has an opening 65to furnish draft for the heat supply means. Chamber 9 is composed of anumber of4 connected` tubular elements tl (Fig. 4) held together bylengthy bolts l5 eX- tending through the ears 6l formed on the membersifi. Clamped between the tubular elements Ml are the walls of flat,tubular ue pipes l which 'are apertured to register with the centralopen- -ings in the members It so that a continuous and uninterruptedpassage ll `is provided through the connected members lll and throughthe walls of the ues l5, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. To provide aneective liquid-tight joint between the members lli and-the flue walls,the ue walls are beaded as shown at I8 (Fig. 4) which beaded portionsiit between ribs ia and complementary grooves ida provided yin the facesof the elements I4.

The construction just described is such as to provide a tubularcombustion chamber located d centrally within the boiler and surroundedthereby, the combustion chamber carrying vertically extending, tubularopen-ended flues I6, the lower ends of which project below the bottom 66of the boiler and the upper ends of which project out of l@ the top ofthe boiler, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. These lues constitute airpassages as will be hereafter described. As will be seen in Fig. 1, thelower ends of the flues l0 are staggered, which aids in directing airupwardly through them. l

Extending diagonally downward from the combustion chamber 9,- adjacentto its closed end l0, are pipes which have their lower ends connected byelbows 2l to a pair of longitudinally extending pipes 22. .These pipes22 connect to 20 a plurality of vertically extending tubes 23 whoseupper ends are joined to longitudinally extending pipes 20. Pipes 2dproject out of one end of the ,boiler l and are joined to a pipe 25 byelbows 25. Pipe 25 is connected to a T-iitting 2l which 25 connects toan exhaust pipe 28 that projects outside of the outer casing 5. The endsof the-pipes 241, the elbows 2%, pipe 25 and T-tting El are situatedoutside of the boiler l and are positioned in the space 30 locatedbetween the outer casing 30 5 and the outside of the boiler.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that the combustion chamber consistsof a tubular casing formed of a plurality of connected elements lilbetween which are situated the at, tubular ues i6, and heat is conveyedfrom the chamber through the pipes 2li, 2l, tubes 23 and pipes 2t. Thecombustion chamber and the piping just reierred to, are wholly enclosedwithin the boiler and surrounded by the water 3| contained there- 40in'. The heating means generates steam which is carried upward from theboiler through a pipe 32 to radiators in the conventional way. Theboiler is provided with a pipe' carrying a'safety valve 59.

The return pipe from the radiators is shown at 33, the samebeingprovided with the conventional return valve 315. For lling orreplenishing the supply o f water in the boiler, a lling pipe 35 isprovided. `The pipes 3G and 3l leading from the 50 boiler through theouter casing 5 support a gauge glass 38 enabling the amount of water inthe boiler to be determined. The hot water supply is obtained by meansof a coil shown at 38, located Within the boiler, near the bottom 66 ofthel 55 same. The coil is provided with a lead-in pipe 39 having ashut-olf valve 40 as well as a return pipe 4I provided with a valve 42.A

Should the apparatus be used for cooling or refrigerating, the coil 38may be used for receiving a cooling or refrigerating liquid, instead ofhot water. At its upper end or top, the boiler is provided with asupplemental chamber or tank 43 which holds water 44 for humidifylng orair-v conditioning purposes. Leading from the top of this chamber 43 isapipe'45 which is con nected by a T-itting 46 to laterally extendingpipes 41 terminating in jets or spray nozzles 48. A valve 49 is locatedin the pipe 45 and is provided with an elongated stem 50 which extendsacross the top of the boiler and projects outside of the casing 5 whereit is secured to a hand-wheel 5I. By means of this valve, the supply ofvapor from the tank 43 to the spray nozzles 48 is regulated. At 52 isshown a blower which is secured on the base 6 and has its exhaust 53extending inside of the outer casing 5. The blast of air from theexhaust 53 is directed by means of deector plates 54 into'the passage 56below the boiler 1 and some of the air will ascend through the heatedfiues I6 to above the boiler where it will mix with vapor emanating fromthe jets 48 and, moisture laden, willfinally pass into a pipe 55 whichis connected to flues or pipes leading to outlets in the rooms to beair-conditioned. Some 'of the air from the blower 52 will pass throughthe passagey 56 below the boiler and ascend through the space or passagesituated between the outer casing 5 and the outside of the boiler. 'Iheboiler is provided with a plurality of laterally extending'- ns 51 whichradiate heet Imm the .boiler ridrihe ai .immagine against these heatedonits upward travelto# Ward the top ofthe' andtoward the outlett55, b'e'heatedbythe j, e y @beamen ,n1 is s vine' 55h11 Av'vliich is a floatvalvel 58.. when #ne #este weer mwen' ne n" a than ,thaty in chamber 43,a different valve that shown ati!` maybeused toshutoi! theflowfrom'pipeiyl. The tankl is also provided with an overflow pipe 60. A n

Briefly, the operation of the heating and airconditioning apparatus isas follows:

Flame projected in through the tube I I will reach the interior I1-ofthe combustion cham.- ber and will heat the same, as well as convey heatthrough the piping extending therefrom, comprising the connected pipes20, 22, tubes 23, and pipes 24, so that the water supply 3| contained inthe boiler will be' generated into steam. The flues I6 are also heatedas well as the heatradiating ns 51 projecting from the outside of theboiler. The heating coil 38 contained within the boiler will furnish asupply of hot water as will readily be understood. Air projected intothe casing 5 by the blower 52, and ascending through the flues I6 willbe heated. That portion of the air passing around the outside of theboiler will be heated by passing over the heated iins 51. The heated airrising through the ues I6 and that passing upward about the outside ofthe boiler becomes humidifled by moisture from the jets 48 and is forcedby the blower pressure out through the pipe 55 and through such networkof piping or ues as may be connected to the outlet pipe 55.

The water supply 44 in the supplemental tank 43 of the boiler 1 isheated and generated into a steam vapor which is forced out of thenozzles 48 into the space 30 between the outside of the boiler and theouter casing 5. This vapor, mixing with the air iiow as the air iiow ison its way to the outlet 55, adds moisture or humidity to the air supplyso that the air passing out through the 5 outlet 55 carries therequisite amount of moisture or is suitably conditioned, The amount ofmoisture transmitted by the jets 48 is regulatable by means of the valve49, as heretofore explained,

so that the conditioning of the air may be 10 governed.

When the device is not used as a heating device, it may well be used forcooling purposes by dispensing with the heat supply and utilizing the'coil 38 for containing a cooling medium or liquid. 15 A separate coilmay also be used for cooling. Such coils will keep the water in theboiler cool and the air forced inside the casing 5 and through the nuesI6 by the action of the blower will then be cool air.

What I claim is:

1. An apparatus ofA the character described comprising, a water-holdingboiler, a combustion chamber contained within and surrounded by thewater in the boiler, a plurality of open-ended 25 flues surrounding theoutside of the combustion chamber and extending above and below thevboiler, a casing surrounding and spaced from the boiler so that an airpassage is provided between the boiler and casing in which the oppositeopen 30 ends of the nues are located, heat-radiating flns on the boilerextending into the air passage, an outlet pipe leading from saidpassage, and means for directing an air flow through the ues and throughthe passage. j

2. In'an vapparatus ofthe character described, three casings situatedone within the other, the inner casing constituting a combustionchaxnber,l the 'intermediate' casingcoinstituting"l a' beller andcon'taining water which surrounds the inner ca'Sf 40 mamies; in ,theintermediate casing suppprti sa essere# message# were t0v and; th SpaceIbe'iiwee'll v the intermediate adj-cuter casing',- the' outer cua ingconstituting a jacket'enclosing the' boiler vand 45 being spacedtherefrom so. that an air passage is formed between the boiler and theouter casing, the 'ues opening into said air passage and the boilerbeing provided with fins projecting into said air passage.

3. An apparatus of the character described comprising, a water-holdingboiler, a combustion chamber contained within and surrounded by watercontained in the boiler, flues secured to and surrounding the combustionchamber and form- 55 ing vertical passages extending about the exteriorof said chamber, said nues opening above and below the boiler, a casingsurrounding and spaced from the boiler so that an air passage isprovided into which the opposite ends of the ilues are located, saidpassage being situated between the boiler and casing, an outlet pipeleading from the passage, and means for directing an air now through thepassage.

4. An apparatus of the character described 65 comprising, three casingssituated one within the other and spaced from one another, the innermostcasing constituting a combustion chamber,

, the intermediate casing constituting a boiler containing water whichsurrounds the innermost cas-l 'I0 ing, ilues attached to the innermostcasing in heat exchange relation thereto and communicating with thespace between the intermediate and outer casing, said ues being closedat their points of connection to the innermost casing, the

outermost casing constituting a jacket enclosing' the boiler and beingspaced therefrom to forni an air passage between it and the outercasing, the ues opening into said air passage at points above and belowthe boiler. l

5. An apparatus of the character described comprising, a water-holdingboiler, acombustion chamber contained within the boiler and surroundedby water contained therein, ues secured to and projecting from thecombustion chamber and forming vertical passages extending about theexterior of said chamber, the ues being ,closed to the combustionchamber at the points of connection therewith, said fiues having openends situated above and below the boiler, a casing surrounding andspaced from the boiler so that an air passage is provided into which theopen ends of the ues are located, and means for di-I recting an air owthrough the passage.

6. In an apparatus of the character described, an outer casing, a boilercontained within and spaced from said casing, a combustion chamberlocated within the boiler, said combustion chamber provided with aplurality of ues, said chamber passing through and secured to the ues,said ues surrounding the outside of the combustion chamber and havingopposite open ends communicating with the space between the boiler andthe outer casing at points above and below the boiler.

7. In an apparatus of the character described, an outer casing, a boilercontained within and 1o spaced from the outer casing, a combustionchamber located within the boiler, a plurality of 'ues through which thecombustion chamber transversely passes, said ues having their oppositeends communicating with the space between 15 the boiler and the outercasing at points above and below the boiler, an outlet leading from thespace between the boiler and the'outer casing, and means for forcing airthrough the flues and through the space between the boiler and outer ,20casing toward the outlet.

LEOPOLD LITHMAN.

